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Fire Hydrants: There are approximately 140,000 to 150,000 fire
hydrants across Tokyo. The vast majority are underground hydrants
marked by yellow or red covers on the street, rather than the
"post-style" hydrants common in other countries.
Fire Cisterns: Tokyo relies on roughly 10,000 to 12,000 fire cisterns
(underground water tanks). These are strategically placed—especially
in dense neighborhoods with narrow streets—to ensure a water supply
even if an earthquake or major disaster disrupts the main water lines.
Emergency Water Tanks: Additionally, there are over 200 large-capacity
emergency water supply points and thousands of smaller "initial fire
extinction" tanks (roughly 2,600 sets) distributed to local evacuation
centers.
Strategic Water Sources
The Tokyo Fire Department categorizes these as "Fire Water Sources" (消防水利).
Source Type - Estimated Count - Primary Function
Underground Hydrants ~145,000 Connected to the municipal water
network for standard fire response.
Fire Cisterns ~11,000 Underground tanks (40m³ to 100m³) for disaster resilience.
Emergency Reservoirs 212+ Massive supply points for both drinking
water and firefighting.
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government also utilizes natural sources like
the Sumida River and Kanda River through specialized high-capacity
pumping systems for large-scale fire defense.
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